A cartographer is involved with the scientific, technological and artistic aspects of developing and producing maps. They present complex information as diagrams, charts and spreadsheets, as well as in the form of conventional maps. Geographical information systems (GIS) and digital-mapping techniques now dominate the role. They work within a variety of areas including publishing, the military, the government, surveying and conservation.

Surveyors measure and collect data on specific areas of land, including information about boundaries, buildings and features, both natural and man-made. They can join the Survey of India or State Survey Departments or Private organizations.

Drafters work with surveyors, engineers and architects to develop maps used by construction companies, government planning entities or environmental organizations.

A few central government organizations that look for postgraduates in Geography are Oil & Natural Gas Corporation, National Council for Cement and Building Materials, Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited, Society of Integrated Coastal Management, etc. The post-graduate students in Geography can get placed in different departments under State Government through various exams organized by the Public Service Commission. One can also apply for the Probationary Officer post in various public-sector banks. For this, one needs to qualify the entrance test carried out by the banks. The Railway department also selects candidates to the various posts through the entrance test carried out by the Railway Recruitment Board or RRB. Postgraduates in geography can also apply for the posts in Indian Railway Traffic Service.

Urban and Regional planners make long and short-term plans/goals about the use of land in cities or villages. They keep in mind the future needs of the city's population and recommend placement of various infrastructures such as schools or roads.

GIS technicians make maps and customized geographic information systems (GIS) applications and manipulate data to serve a variety of purposes. They read and interpret maps, manipulate and understand digital land data, and manage data entered into a GIS database. GIS technicians typically earn a Bachelor of Science degree in geography. A master's degree in geography can increase opportunities for career advancement and salary potential.

Climatologists are atmospheric scientists who study the Earth's climate. They collect and analyze data from sources such as ice cores, soil, water, air, and even plant life to find patterns in weather and learn how those patterns affect the Earth and its inhabitants

Meteorologists study the relationships between atmospheric characteristics and the environment. They predict future weather conditions, study climate trends over time, track ozone levels, study rainfall and monitor global temperature. Meteorologists are needed in both urban and rural regions.

A transportation manager ensures that shipments into or out of an organization are handled quickly, safely, and within budget constraints. This might include oversight of transportation equipment and personnel operated by an organization.

Environmental managers are responsible for making sure an organization is compliant with environmental regulations in areas such as air quality, waste, clean water, and pollution. Environmental managers play a scientific and administrative role in an organization.

Many Government and non-government institutes along with research centres offer several career options for people holding geography degrees.

One can also work in the educational sector as a teacher/ professor in the school level or the college level respectively.

A demographer conducts statistical examinations of the composition, distribution and transition of the human population.